Art of anchorage in masonry



Dec. 9, 1930. ROSENBERG ART OF ANCHORAGE IN MASONRY Filed April 12 Patented Dec. 9, 1930 STATES HEYMAN ROSENBERG, OF N EVT YORK, N. Y.

ART OF ANCHORAGE IN MASONRY Application filed A ri 12,19231 Serial No. 631592.

This invention relates to improvenents in the art of anchorage to completed walls of masonry, such as brick, cement, porous tile, sand-stone, and like relatively inelastic substance having the Capacity for being crunp bled.

The object in View is the efective anchorage in or to such a Wall of anyarticle or of the anchor itself in a manner avoiding crackr ing or other injury to the Wall and enabling the accomplishment of such anchorage With a minimum amount of labor and loss of time.

The art or process by which this is accomplished will be best understood by a detail description of the preferred Construction and nature of the anchoring means to be employed, and to that end reference will be made to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings, in which--' Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of an anchoring device well adapted for carrying out the steps of the improved art or process, the device being shown as partly anchored in a wall and the wall being seen in section.

Figure 2 is an end view of said device detached, looking at the point.

Figure 3 and 4 are transverse sections therethrough taken on the planes indicated respectively by lines 3-3 and 4-4'of Figure 1. i

Referring to the drawings by nunerals, 1 indicates a cylindrical body preferably having a head at one end and terminating in a `penetrating point 3 atthe other. The point 3 is the product of the tapered end portion of the body 1, which, tapered end portion 'instead of being finished like a cone isprovided with longitudinal cut-away portions or grooves 4, 4 leaving cutting edges 5, 5. The cuttng edges 5 convergc at the point 3, and considering the device as arranged in a vertical position with the head uppernost, the said cutting edges extend upwardly and terminate at the surface of the body 1, the

Formed ,integral wth and outstanding 5 from the body 1 are Parallel ribs or threads grooves 4 extending upward beyond the ter- 6, 6, each substantially triangular in cross section, as clearly seen in Figure 4, the apex of the triangle outstanding and the base blending into and formed integral with the body 1. Thus each thread or rib 6 is formed With a cutting edge throughout its length, and each rib or thread 6 preferably extends to and blends into the head 2 and also extends to the terminus of the full diameter of the body 1. That is to say, each rib or thread 6 extends to the mai-gin of a groove 4, and at such margin terninates with a curved end portion 7 blending into the material of the body 1 and` presenting a continuation, at the end of each rib 6, of the cutting edge of that rib., The number of ribs 6 like the number of grooves 4 may be va'ried, but there are preferably six ribs 6 arranged as shown in Figure 1, so that they may be said to be arrangecl in diametrically-opposite pairs, one pair being of greatest length, a second pair of intermediate length, and a third pair of shortest length presenting the stepped relation seen at the' inner terminal portion of body l in Figure l. The advanta'ge'of this relation will become apparentin'the discussion hereinaiter of the process to be carried out by the device. Each thread or rib 6 is given a slight pitch or angularslant about the body 1, and, in practice, each of the longest ribs or threads should extend one-third the way around the body in the length of the body', or, in other words, angularly 120 when the body is made one-fourth of an inch 'in diameter and one and three-eighths inches long from the point of blending into the head 2 to the outer terminus of one of the cutting edges 5. While the showing in the drawing is that of a much larger device or may be said tobe greatly magnified, the 90 proportions are maintained which will enable determination of the preferred relative transverse area of'each rib or thread 6.

The body land its' connected parts are formed preferably of soft steel and then 5 case-hardened. The preferable method of case-hardening is known as the Cyanide process, but it should be understood that the essential characteristic of the finished structure is its effective hardness, especially of those parts eployed for cutting, as hereinafter stated, and it is not a part of the present invention as to. how the ha-rdening is effected. It is of primal importance, however, that the penetrating point with its cutting edges 5 and the ribs or threads 6 shall be of sufi'icient hardness to cut the wall into which the parts are to be forced with, substantally no injury to the point or threads. It should thus be apparent that the body l itself and the head 2 do not require hardening, but Whenthe device is hardened by the cyaniding process, these parts are hardened as an incident, and the hardened condition may be of value irpreventing injury to the surface of the body in Contacting with abrasive portions of the wall into which it enters.

In carrying out the present improved art or process, the operator manually holds the body 1 in position with'the point 3 contacting with the surface of thewall to receive the anchor, such as wall 8, and then ta'ps with a hammer on the head 2 while manually rotating or moving the body 1 angularly so that the penetrating point entersthe wall after the fashion of a masonry drill. This action is kept up until the longest threads of threads 6 come in contact with the exposed surface of the wall 8. The operator then discontinues the rotary motion and taps the head 2 for driving the anchor directly into the Wall, and in so doing causes the longtest threads 6 to enter the wall and cause the threads engage the wall, and finally the.

body 1 to rotate slightly as it advances, and then the second or intermediate length such wall, which grooves accommodate the threads and provide for effective anchorage thereofand of the body 1: It should be un- 5 derstood that any masonry substance susceptible of being crumbled by the drill action of a penetrating .point will have a. hole or recess fol-med in it by the initial action above described of slightly greater diameter than the diameter of the body 1, so that as the anchor is drivenfurther in during engagement of the threads 6 with the wall, a slight space is left between the surrounding wall' and the entered portions of the body 1, through which spacezescapes the crumbled substance indicatedvat 9 in Figure 1. Both the initial opening and the recess subsequently formed by the 'point incident to the rotary action of the threads as the anchor advances into the wall 8 is larger than body 1, so as to accommodate the passage of crumbled substance. This crumbled substance is continuously forming as the anchor is driven further and further in, and as the crumbled substance forms in the grooves 4 it follows the grooves outward into the spaces or valleys between the threads or ribs 6, and then follows those valleys, as ,clearly shown in Figure l, until it drops along the outer face of the wall 8. This action is continued until the anchor penetrates the wall to the required eXtent. If the anchor alone is intended to engage the wall, as shown in the drawing, it is left at any point desired in a location With the head 2 either rest-ing against the wall or spaced therefrom to the distance required, according to the use to be subsequently made of the anchor. It is obvious, of course, that when a board or strip of material is to be fastened to the wall, the anchor is passed through such board or strip of material before the final driving action occurs, that is, the action after the threads 6 begin to penetrate the wall 8.

If, in the forming of the entering opening in a wall, that is the opening up to the point where the threads Gbegn to act, difliculty is experienced in manipulating the anchorage device after the manner described, it is, of course, entirely practical to use a masonry drill of the proper diameter and of greater length than the anchorage device so as to enable and facilitate easy manual manipulation, and the drill is preferably operated only sufliciently for producing the initial opening in the wall ofa depth required to allow the threads 6 to begin to' act. It will be noted also that if such a drill should be used until a bore or opening is formed in the wall of practically the length of the body of the anchoring device, such anchoring device could be efl ectively applied by being driven into such opening while the threads or ribs 6 cut their way and form co-operating anchoring grooves. The drill, when used, must be of the requisite diameter, approximately identical with that of the body portion 1, for producing an opening or bore in the wall of a diameter only slightly larger than the diameter of said body portion 1, the increased diameter of the bore being due,

as above stated, to the characteristic of the I it, such as might occur were the' same instrument driven into a elastic material.

No claim is made herein *to structure since the structure is covered specifically in my Patent No. 1,485,202, granted February 26, 1924, on-an a plication pending conjointly piece of wood or like her'ewith and led April 12, 1923,' Serial No.

delivering a series of hammer taps on the eX- posed portion of the aneho-rage device 'axially thereof for advancing the anchorage device with a succession of jumps corresponding to the number of taps, the taps being delivered of such character as to allow the crumbled material of the nasonry to find its Way out along the anchorage device in the valleys/ between the ribs.

In testimony Whereof I afix my signature.

HEYMAN RO SENBERG. 

